Chasing a target of 181 runs, England reached their goal in 17.3 overs.
Phil Salt and Jonny Bairstow put together an unbeaten partnership of 97 runs off 44 balls for the third wicket, securing a crucial win for England in their opening Super 8 match.
Salt remained unbeaten on 87 runs from 47 balls, including seven fours and five sixes. His explosive innings featured a 30-run over against Romario Shepherd in the 16th over.
Bairstow also made a significant contribution with 48 runs off 26 balls, hitting five fours and two sixes.
Andre Russell and Roston Chase each took a wicket for the West Indies, who faced their first defeat in the 2024 T20 World Cup.
Earlier, the West Indies posted 180-4 in 20 overs after England chose to bowl first.
The West Indies started strongly, reaching 36-0 in four overs with openers Johnson Charles and Brandon King leading the charge.
However, King had to retire hurt with a suspected groin injury while playing a shot against Sam Curran in the fifth over. He had scored 23 runs off 13 balls before leaving the field.
Charles scored 38 runs off 34 balls, adding 54 runs in 41 balls with Nicholas Pooran, who replaced King at the crease.
At the halfway mark, the West Indies were 82/0 and needed a strong finish. Captain Rovman Powell delivered with a quickfire 36 runs off 17 balls, including five sixes.
However, England managed to contain the West Indies’ batsmen in the final five overs, conceding only 43 runs and taking a couple of wickets.
Sherfane Rutherford remained unbeaten on 28 runs off 15 balls, hitting one four and two sixes.
Adil Rashid was the standout bowler for England, with figures of 1-21 in four overs. Jofra Archer, Moeen Ali, and Liam Livingstone also took one wicket each.
This match marked the first Super 8 stage game for both teams in the T20 World Cup.
Lineups:
West Indies: Brandon King, Johnson Charles, Nicholas Pooran (wk), Roston Chase, Rovman Powell (capt), Andre Russell, Sherfane Rutherford, Romario Shepherd, Akeal Hosein, Alzarri Joseph, Gudakesh Motie.
England: Phil Salt, Jos Buttler (capt & wk), Jonny Bairstow, Harry Brook, Moeen Ali, Liam Livingstone, Sam Curran, Jofra Archer, Mark Wood, Adil Rashid, Reece Topley.